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Silicon nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 3 to 50 nm were prepared by thermal
evaporation. The nanoparticles showed visible light emissions from 5000 Å to 9000 Å, with
peak intensity at 8000-8200 Å, when excited with a He-Cd laser. The intensity increased with
decreasing particle size. Based on the photoluminescence (PL) characteristics, it is
suggested that the PL for particles larger than 9 nm is surface state-induced, while the PL for
those smaller than 9 nm is ascribed to quantum confinement effects.
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