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With the miniaturization of a solid, the band gap expands
and the energy levels of the core bands shift towards higher binding
energy, and subsequently, properties such as dielectrics change. These
intriguing phenomena have been found new applications in
microelectronics and photonics for devices. However, the underlying
mechanism for these phenomena is still under debate. Here we present a
new approach showing that the bond contraction at the surface and the
rise in the surface-to-volume ratio of the nanosolid are responsible
for these phenomena as the spontaneous bond contraction enhances the
interatomic binding energy, which results in the corresponding
derivatives.
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