The main direction in obtaining metal-matrix composites (MMCs) with a multilevel hierarchical structure is the development of new approaches to the creation of materials with two or more reinforcing modifiers, which makes it possible to improve a whole range of functional properties and, at the same time, reduce the total cost of the material. Carbon nanotubes and carbide particles additives can significantly improve the strength properties of aluminum and its alloys. In this work, the possibility of directed control of the composition, the structure and properties of composites was shown, using the methods of powder metallurgy and surface modification. As a result of the study, aluminum-based MMCs reinforced with carbide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a Ni-plated surface were synthesized. As a result, it was shown that the combined use of two reinforcing phases makes it possible to diminish their negative qualities in the bulk of the metal and obtain a composite material with high strength properties while maintaining plasticity.